THE:Aptos vs. Sui：The Move is coming_PoolTogether USDC Ticket

KeyInsights

●AptosandSuiareinthespotlightbecausetheyarebuiltonMove,aprogramminglanguageinspiredbyRustandtheircoreteamisfromMeta–Diem.●TheAptostestnetcanreachupto160,000TPSandisbasedontheBlock-STMparallelexecutionengineandthecriticalrotation.●Sui’stestnetworkTPScanreachabout120,000becauseitusesObjectsasabasicunitoptimizingitsthroughput.Also,Sui'sGaspricingandtransactionstoragemechanismcanbringabetterexperiencetousersanddevelopers.●AptosisfaraheadofSuiintermsofitsecosystemdevelopmentanddevelopmentprogress.●AptosandSuistillneedtogetmoreinfluentialpartnerstohelpthemsurviveinthecurrentmarket.

1.Introduction

Theyear2022seesabearmarketwiththemajorityofcryptocurrenciesplummetingduetoabunchofmacroeconomicfactorssuchasinflationandrisingunemploymentetc.However,insuchasluggishmarket,AptosandSuisuddenlymadethemthecenterofattentioninthecryptospace.Inthepasttwoyears,Solana,Avalanche,andotherEthereumkillersappearedinthemarketoneafteranotherandbroughtsignificantmarketinfluence,butnoonecantakeEthereum’splace.AsEthereumcontinuouslyupgradesitselfwiththerecentcompletionoftheMerge,otherchainsseemtohavenothingnewtoboastabout.EvenafterDfinitylauncheditstokenICP,awidespreadopinionisthattheblockchainwouldnolongergetanylovefromthemarket.However,AptosandSui,whomtopVCssprintedtowards,havebrokenthisnarrativewiththeMovelanguageadoptedandtheteamhailingfromDiem.1.1.TheMoveprogramminglanguage

Let'slookatMovefirst.ThemoveisaRust-basedprogramminglanguageforsmartcontractsandcustomtransactions,whichachievesextremelyhighthroughputandlowlatencythroughbatch,pipelined,andparalleltransactionprocessing.OverallthestrengthsoftheMovelanguagearesecurityandcomposability.1.1.1.DefinitionofAsset

Movedefinestokensasresources,unlikeotherprogramminglanguages,suchasSolidity,whichgenerallyseestokensasNumericvariables.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisthatwhenatransactionoccursintheaccount,theMovelanguagebelievesthatthetokenmusttransfertoonecertainaddressoranother,orelseitwouldbeburned.Tokenasanassetcannotbecopiedordoublespent.LanguagessuchasSolidityconsiderassetstobedigital,sofromthemomentofthetransactiontotheend,thebalanceofthesentandreceivedaddressdecreasesorincreases.Move'sdefinitionofResourceavoidstheproblemofassetsbeinggeneratedoutofnowherebycodelogicandalgorithmerrorsfromtheverybeginning.1.1.2.Staticdispatch

支付保證金的地址數破萬，Captainz鑄造活動實質上已結束:1月4日消息，Memeland生態第三個NFT系列Captainz已于0:00時開放鑄造（鑄造費為1.069 ETH），目前存入了鑄造1.069 ETH保證金的地址已達到11224個，超過了該系列的最大供應量9999個，這意味著鑄造活動實質上已經結束，除了Memelist等保障性地址外，后續參與的地址將無法鑄得NFT。[2023/1/5 9:53:00]

Asinglesmartcontractcannotimplementallfunctionsforsomelargeprojects,sodynamicdispatchhasbecomethemaincallingmethodofSolidity.Thedynamicdispatchstoresthecodeinthelibraryaccordingtotheclassificationandusestheinterfacecallwhenthecontractneedsit,butthishasalsobecomeabreakthroughinthesecurityofthesmartcontract.Dynamicdispatchimprovesflexibility,butflexibilitymeansmorebugs.Incontrast,Moveusesstaticdispatch,whichischaracterizedbythefactthatallcontractshavealreadydeterminedtheirexecutionpathsandverifiedthemduringthecompilationphase,whichmeansthatdeveloperscanidentifyerrorsandexecutesmartcontractsbeforegoingonlineandreducetheprobabilityofdowntimeatruntime.1.1.3.Combinabilityofmodules

Themoveisbasedonthecombinationofmodulesandtheninteractswitheachotherthroughresourcepassing,whileSoliditymainlyreliesonthecombinationthroughmessagepassingunderremotecalls.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisthatwhenoptimizationorextensionisneeded,inMove,onlythemoduleneedstobeoptimizedandthenthesmartcontractsusingthemodulewillbeautomaticallyupdated,whileinSolidityifthepreviouscontractisoptimized,itcannotbedirectlyupgradedanditerated.

1.2.TheriseandfallofDiem

In2019Facebook(nowMeta)startedLibra,ablockchain-basedpaymentsystemforlicensedstablecoins.However,itwaslaterforcedtorenameDiem,butitstortuousfatedidnotchangeatallwithitsnamechange.RegulatorsfromUSandEUforceittosuspendonthegroundsofinvasionofantitrustlawsandprivacy.Asaresult,severalqualifiedtechnicalstaffbegantoleavetheproject,includingMoShaikhandEvanCheng,wholatersetuptheirteamsandlaunchedAptosandSuiseparatelybasedonDiem.

2.AptosvsSui

2.1.TeamMostoftheAptosandSuicoremembersarefromNoviandDiemofMeta.BlockchainveteransworkingtogethermakeiteasyforAptosandSuitorisesoquickly.

2.2.Investors

AptosandSuiarebackedbyanall-starcast,andthefundraisingforthefirsttworoundshasreachedaverylargescale,at$350millionand$236millionrespectivelywithAptosslightlyahead.Aptos

AsofSeptember2022,Aptoscompletedtwofundraisingroundsata$2.75Bvaluation.BinanceLabsandDragonflyannouncedstrategicinvestmentsinAptosonMarch28andSeptember29,respectively,butthespecificcooperationandinvestmentamounthavenotbeendisclosed.SeedRoundDate：2022.3.15TotalAmountRaised：$200MInvestors:Leadbya16z,otherinvestorsinclude:MulticoinCapital,KatieHaun,3ArrowsCapital,ParaFiCapital,IRONGREY,Hashed,Variant,TigerGlobal,BlockTower,FTXVentures,Paxos,CoinbaseVentures,etc.ARoundDate：2022.7.26TotalAmountRaised：$150MInvestors:LeadbyFTXVenturesandJumpCrypto,otherinvestorsinclude:GriffinGamingPartners,FranklinTempleton,CircleVentures,Superscrypto,etc.Sui

全鏈抗MEV DEX聚合器Cashmere Labs將在Aptos部署合約:10月23日消息，基于LayerZero的全鏈抗MEV DEX聚合器Cashmere Labs發推稱，Cashmere合約將部署至Aptos。目前Cashmere Labs產品暫未推出。

Aptos Bridge用戶可以將USDC、USDT和ETH從Etheruem、Arbitrum、Arbitrum、Optimism、Avalanche、Polygon、BNB Chain跨鏈至Aptos。[2022/10/23 16:36:05]

SinceDecember2021,MystenLabs,thedevelopingteamSuihasraisedtworoundsoffundingatavaluationof$2billion,andSuicurrentlyexpectstoraise$236million.ARoundDate：2021.12TotalAmountRaised：$36MInvestors:a16zandNFX,CoinbaseVentures,Lightspeed,SamsungNEXT,ScribbleVentures,Redpoint,ElectricCapital,SlowVentures,StandardCrypto,etc.BRoundDate：2022.7TotalAmountRaised：$200MInvestors:LeadbyFTXVentures,otherinvestorsinclude:a16z,JumpCrypto,Apollo,BinanceLabs,FranklinTempleton,CoinbaseVentures,CircleVentures,LightspeedVenturePartners,SinoGlobal,DentsuVentures,NGCVentures,A&TCapital,GreenoaksCapital,O'LearyVentures,etc.2.3.TechniquesandMechanism

AptosandSuiarebothbasedontheMoveprogramminglanguageandfocusonhigh-performanceparallelcomputingblockchain,whichclaimstobeabletoreachover100,000TPS.2.3.1ParallelExecution

BothAptosandSuiadoptparallelexecution.ThedifferencebetweenthisandEthereum'sEVMisthatitidentifiesindependenttransactionsandexecutesthematthesametime,whileotherinterdependenttransactionswillbepickedoutandexecutedinsequence.ThemechanismofEVMiseachtransactionisexecutedindividuallyinorder,andwhentheEVMexecutesthetransaction,alltherestwillbesuspendeduntilonetransactionexecutioniscompleted.TheproblemwiththeEVMmechanismisthatitgreatlyprolongsthetransactionexecutiontime,andusersareforcedtoincreasethegasfeetoexecutethetransactionearlierthanothers.Incontrast,parallelexecutioncanusehardwaremoreefficientlytoreducetransactionconfirmationtimeandachievebetterscalability.Thedifficultyfacedbyparallelexecutiontechnologyishowtoquicklyidentifyindependenttransactionsanddependenttransactions.Whenexecutinginparallel,itisnecessarytojudgewhetheratransactionwillaffectanothertransaction.Ifitaffects,itisdefinedasbeingdependent,anddependenttransactionsmustbeexecutedinorder.Forexample,AMMtransactionsinthesamepoolaredefinedasdependent,becausemultipledifferenttokensandaccountsareinvolvedintheirtransactions.Thewaytoidentifyindependenttransactionsiswhenanaccountorsmartcontractmodifiesitsmemorylocationswhenatransactionoccurs,andinterdependenttransactionsarethosethatattempttochangethesamememorylocationsinthesameblock.AptosAptosdevelopedBlock-STMtoidentifythedependenciesoftransactions,whichisthemainfactorforAptos'maximumTPStoreach160,000.Block-STMchoosesnottoletusersanddevelopersknowinadvancewhichpartofthememorytheyarelocatingbutinsteadusesOptimisticConcurrencyControl(assumingalltransactionsareindependent)tovalidatewhenBlock-STMexecutestransactions,andthestoragelocationmodifiedinthetransactionwillbemarked.Inthevalidatingphase,ifitisfoundthatthemarkedstoragelocationisaccessedbyothertransactions,itmeansthatthetransactioninthisstoragelocationisnotindependent,andthesystemwilltakeitoutandre-executeitinsequence.AccordingtotheofficialtestdataofAptos,whenthetransactionsarefewer,theexecutionspeedofBlock-STMis16timesfasterthanthatofsequentialexecutionusing32threads,andwhenmoretransactionsexecuteatthesametime,thespeedofBlock-STMisalso8times.DataSource：https://medium.com/aptoslabs/block-stm-how-we-execute-over-160k-transactions-per-second-on-the-aptos-blockchain-3b003657e4baSuiSuihasoptedforadifferentapproachthanAptoswhenitcomestotransactionprocessing.InSui'smechanism,anObjectisusedasthebasicunitinsteadofanAccount,andeachobjecthasauniqueIDasidentification.Objectsareclassifiedintothreetypesofassets,namelyimmutableassets(smartcontracts),singleassets(whichcanonlybemodifiedbytheirspecificowner),andsharedassets(whichcanbemodifiedbymultipleowners).Asingleassetcanonlybemodifiedbyitsspecificowner,whileasharedassetcanbemodifiedbymultipleowners.Thissettingreducesthedifficultyofidentifyingindependenttransactionsordependenciesbecauseassettypescanbequicklyidentifiedandconfirmedwhentheyareindependentlytraded.2.3.2.OtherMechanism

數據：超過1630萬枚APT充值到幣安，其中近40%為女巫地址:金色財經報道，據X-explore分析，截至北京時間10月20日早上8點，幣安累積有2.8萬用戶入金超過1630萬枚APT，其中做市商入金412萬枚，被X-explore認定為女巫地址的入金占比接近40%，超過630萬枚。

此外，伴隨著時間推移，入金總額不斷下降，但女巫地址與正常用戶的入金的占比基本保持不變，女巫用戶占入金總額的65%以上。[2022/10/20 16:31:43]

AptosHybridCustodyOptionandTradePre-ExecutionMechanismSecurityissuessuchaswallettheftandwronglysigningmalicioustransactionshavealwaysbeenthenightmareofmanyusers.Therefore,Aptoshaslaunchedtwofunctions,keymanagementandsigningtransactionprecautionarymeasures,toprotectthepropertysafetyofitsusers.AccordingtotheAptoswhitepaper,Aptosaccountssupportkeyrotationandnewhybridmodelsofcustody,souserscandelegatetheabilitytorotatetheaccount’sprivatekeytooneormorecustodiansandothertrustedentities.ThentheusercandesignastrategythroughMove,thepurposeofthisstrategyistoallowthecustodiantorotatethekeyundercertaincircumstances.Thebenefitofthisisthatwhenauserloseshiskey,thecustodiancanrestoretheserviceforhiskeytoavoidlossofassets.Inaddition,thetransactionpre-executionandtransactionrestrictionservicesarealsousedbyAptostoprotectthesecurityofuserassets.Whenuserssignatransaction,Aptoswillprovidethemwithtransactionresultsandcompareknownattacksandmalicioussmartcontractsinthepast,therebyreducingtheprobabilityofusersbeingdeceived.Anduserscanalsosetlimitsontransactionssothatwhenmalicioustransactionsviolatetheserules,thetransactionwillbeterminated.SuiGaspriceandTransactionstoragemechanismThehighlightofSui'seconomicmodelisthepricingmechanismofGasandthestoragefund.ThepricingmechanismgivesusersabetterexperiencebecausetheydonotneedtopredictthecostofGas,andthevalidatorscanproposetheiridealpriceofGasforvoting,andeveniftheidealpriceisnotreached,theincentiverewardscanstillbringthemobjectiverevenue,thusreducingunhealthycompetition.andpreventdenialofservice(DoS)attacks.Thebenefitsofthestoragefundarethreefold.First,itsolvestheproblemofstoragecostsforvalidators.Second,aself-regulatingmechanismisdevelopedforSui'son-chainstorage,andvalidatorsconsciouslydeleteuselessdata.Third,itincreasesthedemandfortheuseofSuitokens,thusreducingitsinflation.1)Gaspricingmechanism,wherevalidatorsdetermineareferenceGaspricebyvoting,whichisusedasareferencepricewhenthevalidatorprocessesusertransactions.WhenavalidatorcompletesavalidationrequesttoobtainaGascostaroundthereferencepriceitwillreceivearewardfromSui,exceedingthepriceandnon-responsivevalidatorswillreducetherewardtheyreceive,andconversely,validatorsbelowthereferencepricewillreceiveanadditionalreward.2)Transactionstorage,whichisdesignedtosolvetheproblemoffutureuserspayingforthestorageofearlyadopters.SinceSuicanhandleanyamountofdataonthechainwhensubsequentusersusethesamedatastoredbypastusers,subsequentusersmayhavetopaydisproportionatelyhighstoragefeesforthem,andthisnegativenetworkexternalitywillputalotofpressureonSuiinthelongrun.Thestoragefeesaredepositedinthefundfordistributiontofuturevalidators.Inaddition,a"deletionoption"mechanismisdesignedsothattheverifieronlyneedstodeletethedatastoredinthechaintogetarebateonthestoragefee.2.4.Tokenomics

APT現報10.24 USDT，短時達100 USDT:金色財經報道，行情顯示，APT現報10.24 USDT，24小時內漲幅924.99%，短時最高價達100 USDT。行情波動較大，請做好風險控制。按當前價格計算APT完全稀釋市值達到102.4億美元。[2022/10/19 17:31:50]

JustonedaybeforeAptosannounceditsofficialtokenomics,thedetailsofwhicharestillwaitingfortheofficialupdate.ItisworthnotingthatthecurrenttokenomicsofSuidoesnothaveaburningmechanism,whichmightharmthetokenvalueretention.However,Sui'sstoragefundmechanismhasreducedtheinflationofSuitokenstoacertainextent.DataSource：1.https://medium.com/mysten-labs/recap-sui-ama-tokenomics-ca00967b937d2.https://aptosfoundation.org/currents/aptos-tokenomics-overview2.5.ProductProgress

Fromtheperspectiveofdevelopmentprogress,AptoswithitsthirdnetworknestsurpassesSuiatthispoint.2.6.PotentialRisks

OnMay20,2022,awell-knownAmericanentrepreneurandinvestorShariGlazersuedMohammedShaikh,founderofAptosLabs,allegingthatShaikhcheatedheroutof50%ownershipofthepartnership.Thecasehasnotyetprogressed,andifitdoes,itwillhaveasignificantimpactonMohammedShaikh,butitdoesnotinvolveAptosatthistimeandthereforewillnothaveanysignificantimpactonit.Incontrast,Suihasnothadanynegativenewsonthelegalfront,soitispotentiallylessriskythanAptos.2.7.Token

APT(Aptostoken)waslistedonOctober19,2022.AccordingtoCoingecko,APTiscurrentlypricedat$7.38witha24-hourtradingvolumeof$1,007,472,882whilethisarticleisbeingedited.TheexchangesAPThadlistedincludeGate.io,Binance,FTX,Coinbase,OKX,Kucoin,Huobi,Bybit,MEXC,etc.Drivenbymarketenthusiasm,thetradingvolumehasbeenataveryhighlevel.Incontrast,Suiisfarbehind,withnoofficialannouncementofanytokensgoingonthelistatthismoment.3.EcosystemDevelopment

3.1.ThenumberofprojectsdeployedonAptosvsSui

AccordingtotheofficialplanreleasedbyAptosonJune29,statisticsshowthattherearecurrentlyover100projectsbeingbuiltinitsecosystem,comparedtoSui'scurrentslowdevelopmentprogress,withthenumberofknownprojectsintheecosystemcurrentlyataround20.Intermsofecosystemlayout,Aptosmainlyfocusesoninfrastructure,andmostoftheDappsintheecosystemcurrentlyareDefi,DEX,anddigitalwallet,whileSuihasnotfoundanobviouslayoutyet.ApointworthnotingisthatthemainstreamapplicationsintheblockchainmarketarecurrentlydevelopedbasedontheSoliditylanguage,whichisnotcompatiblewiththeMovelanguageusedbyAptosandSui.Thismeansthatiftheprojectwantstobuildintheecosystemofboth,developersneedtorecode,whichmayreducetheefficiencyofbuildingapplicationsinbothecosystems.3.2.ProjectDevelopmentProgressonAptosvsSui

公鏈項目Aptos推出生態系統資助計劃:6月30日消息，據官方公告，由Diem原團隊成員成立的公鏈項目Aptos宣布推出Aptos生態系統資助計劃，資助類別包括：1.開發人員工具、SDK、庫、文檔、指南及教程；2.用于開發、治理、DeFi和NFT的工具和框架；3.核心協議貢獻：代幣標準、庫、協議升級等；4.開源和公共產品；5.教育舉措；6.應用程序。Aptos稱，贈款資金將以美元分配，不過未來有可能會選擇分發代幣以幫助激勵各方的長期生態系統增長。

此外，Aptos宣布已有100個項目在該網絡上構建，用例涵蓋DeFi、NFT、游戲等，并預計在9月底左右推出Aptos主網。[2022/6/30 1:41:28]

Atpresent,thereareasmanyas11projectsintheAptosecosysteminthetestnetworkstage,whileSuicurrentlyhasonly5.Inaddition,therearemoreprojectsintheAptosecosystemwithgreenlightbytopVCs,includingPontemNetwork,whichisrepresentedbystarbackerssupportingandateamwithatechnicalbackground.PontemWalletandLiquidswaphavealreadyenteredthetestnetworkstage.

4.BlockchainTrilemma

TheemergenceofAptosandSuihasbroughtsomeinnovationstosolvetheimpossibletriangleproblemofblockchain.ScalabilityBothofthemhavemadesignificanttechnicalinnovationstoimprovescalability,whichisoneoftheirbiggestadvantagesoverotherblockchains.Aptos'Block-STMandAptosBFThavegreatlycontributedtoitstestnetworkTPSof160,000,whileSui'suniqueassetdefinitionandconsensusmechanismhaveenableditstestnetworkTPSof125,000.SecurityTheuniquenatureoftheMovelanguageprovidesbettersecurityforAptosandSui.Inaddition,Aptos'HybridCustodyOptionandTradePre-ExecutionMechanismprovidessecurityforusers'accounts,comparedtoSui,whichhasnotmadeanymajorsecurityfeatureinnovationsexceptfortheMovelanguage.DecentralizationSui'sGaspricingmechanismimprovestherightsofverifierstoacertainextent,butingeneralSuiandAptosdonotofferanyinnovativesolutionstothedecentralizationproblem.5.Summary

Fromtheabove,ThemainadvantageofAptosisthatitsecologicaldevelopmentismuchmoreadvancedthanSui's,butthisisnotenoughtopredictthefuturedevelopmentofboth.ThesimilaritiesbetweenthetwoarethattheybothhaveoriginalDiemdevelopmentteams,bothusetheMovelanguageandhavemadeinnovationsintechnologyandeconomicmechanisms,andbothhavetier-oneinvestorsonboard.Itisdifficulttopredictwhowillperformbetterinpractice,butitiscertainthatthebirthofAptosandSuihasreignitedtheenthusiasmfornewblockchainsinthecommunityandcontributedtotheinnovationoftheblockchain.Noteworthy,ThemaincompetitorofAptosandSuiisSolana,althoughitwasrecentlyaffectedbytheFTXincident,whichcauseditstokenpriceandTVLtodecrease.However,Solanaisstillthebestexampleofatechnicalsingle-chain.TheamountofcustomersitbringstoitsecosystemthroughcooperationwithcapitalandexchangesandthusSolana'stechnicaladvantageshavelongoccupiedthetop5positionsinTVLofblockchain,sobuildingahealthyandhigh-qualityecosystemisalsoanessentialstepforthesuccessfuldevelopmentofblockchain.AptoshaspreviouslyannouncedastrategicpartnershipwithBinance,butBinancealreadyhasaBNBchain,soitisnotsureifAptoscangetmanyusersthroughBinance.Suihasnotannouncedanypartnershipwithexchange,sothereisstillagapbetweenAptosandSuiintermsofecologicaldevelopmentpotentialcomparedtotheircompetitorSolana.Disclaimer

*Thisarticlerepresentsonlytheviewsoftheobserversanddoesnotconstituteanyinvestmentsuggestions.*Gate.ioreservesallrightstothisarticle.RepostingofthearticlewillbepermittedprovidedGate.ioisreferenced.Inallothercases,legalactionwillbetakenduetocopyrightinfringement.Reference

.https://move-book.com/resources/what-is-resource.html.https://blog.pontem.network/aptos-vs-sui-a-detailed-comparison-120b2873ca58.https://aptos.dev/aptos-white-paper/aptos-white-paper-index.https://github.com/MystenLabs/sui/blob/main/doc/paper/sui.pdf.https://foresightnews.pro/article/detail/14875.https://salemal.medium.com/a-review-of-narwhal-and-tusk-a-dag-based-mempool-and-efficient-bft-consensus-bf2099908c63.https://cryptotvplus.com/2022/08/a-comparison-of-aptos-and-sui/.https://www.tuoluo.cn/article/detail-10101335.html.https://www.theblockbeats.info/news/31436.https://mirror.xyz/0xbuidlerdao.eth/MePeSGYe63OX8xXb8IwIrXzGk_S606NG7SR879XMXRE.https://www.coinonpro.com/news/toutiao/237117.html.https://secbit.io/blog/en/2019/07/10/move-programming-language-the-highlight-of-libra/.https://www.coinonvip.com/2022091011563236763.html.https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/aptosGatewaytoCryptoTradeover1,400cryptocurrenciessafely,quicklyandeasilyonGate.ioSignuptoenterthecryptogatewayandget40%commissionfromreferralsDownloadiOS/AndroidApprightnow.FollowusonsocialTwitter:https://twitter.com/gate_ioTelegram:https://t.me/gate_ioInstagram：https://www.instagram.com/gateioglobalMedium：https://medium.com/@gateioPodcast:https://gateio.buzzsprout.com/?ch=buzzsGate.ioTeamNov22nd,2022

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